Retrovir [Zidovudine] is a drug which is used in the cases of HIV and AIDS. Retrovir [Zidovudine] belongs to a group of medicines which are termed as nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). This medicine has been the first medicine which was approved in the treatment of HIV and AIDS.
A process essential for the HIV virus to multiply is been blocked by Retrovir [Zidovudine]. Just like several other viruses, HIV too, uses the host's cells to reproduce. A special protein that is known as the reverse transcriptase enzyme is been used by HIV to convert its genetic material. To help in creating DNA, several different protein building-blocks are required. Retrovir (Zidovudine) acts by tricking the reverse transcriptase into considering it to be one of the protein building-blocks. Retrovir (Zidovudine) arrests the DNA formation and HIV fails to multiply in the absence of DNA.
Retrovir [Zidovudine] prevents the alteration of the genetic material of healthy T-cells by HIV. Hence, the production of new virus by cells is arrested and the amount of virus in the body too is lowered. Retrovir [Zidovudine] works as a chain terminator of DNA synthesis. Retrovir [Zidovudine] is phosphorylated to active metabolites which compete for incorporation into viral DNA. Retrovir [Zidovudine] does not cure HIV or Aids but aids in arresting HIV from infecting the healthy cells in the body, while the cells that are already infected with the virus cannot be helped.
Several different strengths of Retrovir (Zidovudine) are available. It is accessible as - Zidovudine 100 mg capsules; Zidovudine 300 mg tablets or Zidovudine syrup, containing 10 mg of zidovudine per mL. The injectable form of Retrovir [Zidovudine] is usually given during labor to prevent the transmission of the virus from the mother to the child and it is administrated only as IV.
If a dose is missed then it should be immediately taken when remembered but if the time for the next dose is approaching then skip the missed dose and continue with the routine schedule. Avoid doubling of doses. Also avoid overdosing of the drug as it can lead to several overdose symptoms like unusual bruising or bleeding; weakness and fatigue; pain in the stomach; cold or blue hands and feet; etc.
How to use
Retrovir [Zidovudine] is usually taken along with other HIV medicines. It should be consumed on empty stomach but in case there are instances of irritation in the stomach then it can be taken along with food. 200 mg of Retrovir [Zidovudine] is to be taken three times daily or 300 mg is to be taken twice daily.
Side Effects
Few of the side effects experienced when taking Retrovir [Zidovudine]are as follows:- insomnia, pain in head, muscle pain, nausea, weakness, loss of appetite, vomiting, abdominal pain, joint pain, indigestion, pain in bones, nerve problems, anemia, confusion, bone marrow damage, etc.
Drug Interaction
Some of the drugs that interfere with the action of Retrovir [Zidovudine] are - Atovaquone; Doxorubicin; Ganciclovir; interferon medications; fluconazole; methadone; probenecid; nelfinavir; rifapentine; ritonavir; rifampin; ribavirin; stavudine; Valganciclovir; etc.
Over Dose
If overdose is suspected, contact your local poison control center or emergency room immediately. US residents can call the US national poison hotline at 1-800-222-1222. Canadian residents should call their local poison control center directly. This medicine may be harmful if swallowed.
Notes
Do not share this medication with others.
Missed Dose
If you miss a dose, use it as soon as you remember. If it is near the time of the next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your usual dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to catch up.
Uses
Retrovir [Zidovudine] is used for the treatment of HIV infection and AIDS. It prevents the transmission of HIV from an infected mother to her fetus.
Storage
Store Retrovir [Zidovudine] at room temperature between 59 and 86 degrees F (15 and 30 degrees C) and keep it far from heat, moisture and sunlight.
Precaution
• Keep your doctor informed if you suffer from anemia, blood disorders or bleeding disorders, kidney disease, liver disease, heart troubles, allergies or addictions.
• Avoid breast feeding when taking this drug.
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